The 802.11 standard that underpins Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) doesn't require that received fragments be cleared from memory after (re)connecting to a network. Under the right circumstances, when another device sends fragmented frames encrypted using WEP, CCMP, or GCMP, this can be abused to inject arbitrary network packets and/or exfiltrate user data.
- https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-wifi-faf-22epcEWu
- https://github.com/ARPSyndicate/cvemon
- https://github.com/kali973/fragAttacks
- https://github.com/lnxknl/ref_netCrackTool_http_wlan_encrypt_tcp
- https://github.com/vanhoefm/fragattacks